Clinicopathological Correlation Of Cervical Carcinoma: A Tertiary Hospital-Based Study

Objectives: This study is conducted to assess the various predisposing factors for cancer cervix and to correlate the clinicaland pathological finding using cervix histopathology.Background: Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide accounting for 9% of all female cancerand 9% death in female due to cervical cancer. We studied 150 cases of cervical carcinoma with different clinical presentationsand correlated them with histopathological findings in tertiary hospital in Aurangabad, Maharashtra.Materials and Methods: A total of 150 cases histopathologically diagnosed as cervical cancer over a period of 1 year wereconsidered for the study. Clinical details of the patient were noted with the help of semi-structured pro forma. The data wereanalyzed and P value calculated.Results: Of 150 patients, 88 had moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, 24 poorly differentiated, and 32 welldifferentiated. Adenocarcinoma numbered only six. 98 cases were in the age group of 40–59 years, 39 in the age group of 60–80years, and 13 in 20–39 years. All six cases of adenocarcinoma were seen in 40–59 years. 96 presented with white discharge,68 with bleeding per vagina, and 58 had constitutional symptoms. Most of the patients with adenocarcinoma presented withbleeding per vagina. 98 were in Stage 3B, 40 in Stage 2B, 5 in 4A, and 7 in Stage 1B.Conclusions: Screening of cervical cancer must be done in women with white discharge per vagina.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Study on Early Diagnosis and Screening of Cervical Cancer

Introduction: Cervical cancer death occurs relatively at younger age in India than developed country. Most of the cervical cancer cases are diagnosed advanced stage, leading to poor outcome. Since early detection predicts better prognosis, but in India, women do not undergo routine cervical screening, it is still major problem. Aim: This study was conducted to assess the knowledge of cervical cancer, awareness regarding cervical cancer screening and to assess attitude toward cervical cancer. Methods: A questionnaire-based non-random, cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 women attending the OPDs age 21–60 years. Results: Majority of the study population (88%) had poor knowledge regarding cervical cancer and its screening. Only 15% had undergone screening and (3%) 6 of 200 women know about HPV vaccine.

Ovarian Mixed Germ Cell Tumor in Childhood: A Rare Case Report.

Germ cell tumor is a rare malignancy accounting for 3% of all pediatric tumor. The mixed germ cell tumor is still rare. They affect mainly young girls and women, Due to this, the conservation of reproductive potential is a great concern. We report a rare case of a 7-year-old girl who presented with peripheral pseudoprecocious puberty having mixed malignant ovarian germ cell tumor of both yolk sac tumor with dysgerminoma.

Investigating diphtheria outbreak: A qualitative study in rural area.

Background: Even after three decades of implementation of the Universal Immunization Programme in India, cases of diphtheria continue to occur. It is pertinent to study the social and epidemiological determinants of diphtheria. Aims & Objective: The present study was undertaken to investigate epidemiological and social determinants of Diphtheria outbreak in a district in Central India and to understand response of health care system to this outbreak. Materials and Methods: Explanatory case study method, a qualitative method was employed involving interviews with stakeholders including family members of the affected children, specialists from tertiary care teaching hospital who treated these cases, health workers, public health functionaries at primary care and district level. Results: Both cases belonged to migratory community and non-immunization was identified as the chief proximal reason. Both, knowledge and utilisation of immunisation was poor in these communities and was limited to pulse polio immunization. Epidemiologically, the two cases were possibly linked. Vaccination drive to immunize all unimmunized children was conducted in the district where the cases were identified but not in the district where possibly the cases have originated. Conclusion: Social determinants including poverty, migration, poor access to health care all contributed in creating epidemiological situation where transmission of disease agent was easy, resulting in an outbreak. Migration creates vulnerability and our health systems should gear up themselves to address this vulnerability; appropriate strategies and micro-planning should be in place to cater to the needs of this underprivileged community. Strong surveillance system with adequate public health response addressing outbreaks is necessary.

A study on reproducing silicone shade guide for maxillofacial prostheses matching Indian skin color.

AIM: The value and success of a well-fitting and anatomically correct prosthesis are compromised if the color does not match the adjoining tissues. The use of powder colors to help develop a simplified silicone shade guide to aid in the fabrication of silicone facial prostheses for Indian patients has been described here. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten powder pigments were used to fabricate the silicone samples for three different subjects having light, medium and dark complexions who were separated into three groups depending on the value of their shades. Four-step wedge silicone samples with thickness variations of 1, 2, 4 and 6mm were fabricated. Visual assessment of the samples was done by four evaluators to check the agreement of color match. Data was statistically analyzed using kappa coefficients. RESULTS: The kappa values were found to be 0.09-0.44 for a light skin tone, -0.11 to 0.77 for medium skin and 0.44 to 0.85 for dark skin tones. This study showed that the samples of dark skin tone matched the skin tone well and showed a statistically good agreement. To further test the validity of these shade guides, facial silicone veneers were fabricated for three patients having light, medium and dark complexion. The color matching showed satisfactory results. CONCLUSION: The silicone veneers matched the skin color of all three patients. Hence, this shade guide will help clinicians to obtain a good intrinsic shade and minimize extrinsic coloration.

Comparative evaluation of the effect of palatal vault configuration on dimensional changes in complete denture during processing as well as after water immersion.

Polymerization shrinkage is one of the major drawbacks of the acrylic resin. The present study was conducted to evaluate the dimensional changes occurring in the dentures, constructed on the casts having different configurations of the palatal vault, during processing and the effect of water sorption on the processed dentures. Eight maxillary edentulous casts having U, F and V configurations of palatal vault were selected and complete dentures were fabricated. Dimensional changes occurring in the processed dentures were studied in different regions during processing as well as after water sorption. It was observed that dimensional changes in frontal and vertical planes were maximum in V shaped palatal vault dentures. Water sorption partly compensated for the dimensional changes that occurred during processing.